Primary and Secondary Sources

radical AND substitute(prenominal) SOURCES What is main(a) Sources? * essential stocksargon pilot burner real(a)s. Generally, special sources ar not report cards create verbally after the circumstance with the benefit of hindsight. * info for which the writer has no individual(prenominal) fellowship is not primary, although it whitethorn be utilise by historians in the absence of a primary source. * Primary sources provide first- render proof or designate evidence concerning a topic beneath investigation. They be created by witnesses or recorders who generate the typefaces or conditions be documented. Often these sources ar created at the cartridge holder when the subjects or conditions be occurring. Examples of Primary Sources * story and manuscript material * photographs, audio recordings, image recordings, films * ledgers, letters and diaries * speeches * scrapbooks * promulgated books, newspapers and magazine clippings promulgated at the clipping * g overnment numbers * verbal histories * records of organizations * autobiographies and memoirs * printed ephemera * artifacts, e. g. clothing, costumes, furniture * look into data, e. g. public horizon polls What is indirect Sources? * Offer an edition or compendiumof the primary source materials. * Second hand accounts of historical events. tributary sources are whole kit and caboodle of synthesis and interpreting based upon primary sources and the work of separate formers. They may sham a pastiche of forms. The causalitys of subaltern sources civilise their interpretations and narratives of events based on primary sources, that is, documents and former(a) evidence created by participants or eyewitnesses. Examples of col subsequentlyal Sources * clauses, * biographies, * books, * textbooks, * Reports on events, etc. THINGS TO ASK WHEN EVALUATING elemental AND inessential SOURCES * How does the rootage have these elaborate (names, conflicts, and times)? Was the author familiarize at the event or currently on the picture show? * Where this information does came from? witness accounts? Reports compose by the opposites? * ar the authors determination based on a superstar piece of evidence, or brook numerous sources been taken into account? SOME TECHNIQUES FOR testing THE AUTHENTICITY OF PRIMARY AND SECONDARY SOURCES * micro chip the currency of subsidiary sources. * Make accepted primary sources are housed in a reputable enumeration and/or have been indexed or scroll by experts in the sources discipline. * Research the strength and credentials of journal article author. crossroad check to catch up with if former(a)wises researches agree with your critique. HOW foundation I speciate IF SOMETHING IS A SECONDARY SOURCE? As with any research, testify the document or article carefully for accuracy and credibility. subroutine the following questions to athletic supporter you determine whether or not you are using a cr edible secondary source. AUTHORS * How does the author know what he/she knows? * Does his/her knowledge stem from personal experience or having read somewhat and analyzed an event? * Does the author aver several other (published) reports? CONTENT wherefore is the information beingness provided or the article written? * Are there references to other writings on this topic? * Is the author interpreting prior events? * Does the information cope from personal experience or others accounts? gold * Is the date of publication evident? * Is the date of publication conterminous to the event depict or was it written much later? Sources * http//www. yale. edu/collections_collaborative/primarysources/primarysources. html * http//www. mitchellteachers. org * http//www. slideshare. discharge/stellacomans/primary-and-secondary-sources-7878126